しかしながら、ロシア自身がウクライナで用いている砲弾のなかに劣化ウラン弾（3BM32 “Vant”）が含まれることが、GICHD（Geneva International Center for Humanitarian= ジュネーブ人道的地雷除去国際センター)による2022年の報告で明らかにされている[1]。こうした事実を考えるならば、ロシアの反応は、自己撞着のきわみであり、その確信的な非人道性を証明するものだと言わざるをえない。
なお、イラク戦争が開始される直前の2003年3月、広島では、”NO WAR NO DU!（戦争反対 劣化ウラン弾反対!）”の人文字メッセージが、中央公園に集まった約6000人の人々によって作られた。湾岸戦争に続き、再び劣化ウラン弾を用いて戦争が行われることへの強い抗議の表れであり、3月24日、その空撮写真を用いた意見広告がニューヨーク・タイムズに掲載された（添付資料を参照）。また、イラク戦争の前後から、広島や日本からの市民グループは、現地で劣化ウラン弾被害に関する調査を試み、イラクの医師や子どもたちへの支援に取り組んできている[12]。
[3]アメリカでは、増え続ける膨大な劣化ウランの処理・利用法の研究が50年代から始められ、考案された一つが軍事利用である。劣化ウラン化合物は、鉄よりも硬く、鉛よりも重いため、砲弾の貫通体部分や戦車の装甲などに使われてきているが、衝突の衝撃によって発火し、微粒子となって環境中に拡散する。「劣化ウラン（DU=depleted uranium」という呼称は、その危険性を覆い隠し、誤った印象を与えてしまうが、通称として本声明においても用いることとする。詳細は、「［劣化］ウラン兵器とは何か？」（『ウラン兵器なき世界をめざして―ICBUWの挑戦』NO DU ヒロシマ・プロジェクト／ICBUW編、合同出版、2008年、6-13頁）を参照されたい。
[7] “Ukraine war: UK defends sending depleted uranium shells after Putin warning,” BBC, March 22, 2023 (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65032671).
典拠は、The Environmental Impact of the Conflict in Ukraine: A Preliminary Review, UNEP, October 14, 2022 (https://www.unep.org/resources/report/environmental-impact-conflict-ukraine-preliminary-review).
典拠は、ワシントンの「核政策研究所」が2003年7月に発表した報告書「劣化ウラン――危険性評価の科学的根拠」（“Depleted Uranium: Scientific Basis for Assessing Risk,”Nuclear Policy Research Institute, July, 2003 (https://www.helencaldicott.com/depleted.pdf).
Two years ago today the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) came into effect. 92 countries have so far signed the Treaty and 68 have ratified it. In February, 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine and has threatened to use nuclear weapons. We are faced with the crisis of a nuclear war. The hibakusha and citizens of Hiroshima appeal that such weapons must never be used. Nuclear warfare has neither winners nor losers and inevitably leads to the destruction of the earth. We demand the war which continues to kill so many innocent people be stopped and ended urgently. 77 years ago, Hiroshima was annihilated by the American nuclear attack. The victims included not just Japanese people. People from the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan, both under Japan’s colonial rule, Chinese laborers made to come to Japan by force, American POWs, and Southeast Asians and Chinese people invited to study in Japan by the national policy were also indiscriminately killed when they were exposed to the atomic bomb. Not only the direct power of the bomb (heat rays, blast and initial radiation), but also residual radiation caused people to develop illnesses after they entered the city later. Radioactive fallout even reached areas farther than 30 kilometers. After the war ended, it was estimated that about 140,000 people of Hiroshima lost their lives by the atomic bombing before the end of the year 1945. Many survivors have died of leukemia or cancer. Nagasaki was also bombed by a nuclear weapon and experienced a similar situation. The first meeting of the States Parties was held in July last year and the Vienna Declaration was adopted. Problems to be solved include how the Treaty should be made universal and how global nuclear survivors should be aided. We hope that the second meeting to be held in November this year deepens debates on these matters. Last August, the NPT Review conference met but there was no forward movement and no documents were adopted, even though the previous meetings in 2000 and 2010 had confirmed that Article 6 of the Treaty declairing the States Parties have the duty of complete nuclear disarmament (=prohibition of nuclear weapons). This is an extremely regrettable situation. It is not forgivable that nuclear states should turn their backs on signing and ratifying the Treaty, which complements the NPT. We protest against nuclear powers postponing abolition of nuclear weapons for security reasons. The Japanese Government should sign and ratify the Treaty as soon as possible. We will try to realize the nuclear-free world working in cooperation with global nuclear survivors.
January 22nd, 2023 Shuichi Adachi President of the Hiroshima Alliance for Nuclear Weapons Abolition (HANWA)
※この英文は「核兵器禁止条約発効２年にあたっての声明」英訳です。
Posted in 声明, 未分類 | Statement to Commemorate the Second Anniversary of the TPNW はコメントを受け付けていません
Hiroshima Alliance for Nuclear Weapons Abolition (HANWA) We Heartily Welcome the First Conference of States Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
We, the Citizens of Hiroshima, welcome with all our heart, The First Meeting of States Parties to the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) to take place in Vienna, Austria, from 21st to 23rd June, 2022. So far sixty-two nations have ratified the Treaty. Seventy-seven years ago, Hiroshima was annihilated by the nuclear attack by the armed forces of the United States of America. Not only Japanese people were bombed, but those from the Korean peninsula and Taiwan, Chinese people forcibly made to work in Hiroshima, American POWs in Hiroshima, and students who had come here from Southeast Asia to study in line with the state’s policy, were all exposed to the bomb and killed. In addition, many people who entered the city were affected by residual radiation. Exposure to radiation even extended to areas more than 30 kilometers away from the hypocenter, when black rain fell on people. Approximately 140,000 people of Hiroshima are estimated to have lost their lives by the end of the year 1945. Deaths from leukaemia and cancer have since continued. The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons was adopted at the UN conference on 22nd July, 2017, then came into effect on 22nd January, 2021. This is not just the result of what hibakushas in Hiroshima and Nagasaki have tried to testify to the world. Facts of the damage suffered by nuclear victims in the world (mining, refinement, processing, and experiment) are now known to people worldwide. International law prohibits a series of activities related to nuclear weapons. This is a big step toward the abolition of nuclear weapons. We oppose countries which possess nuclear weapons postponing abolition of them and demand the Government of Japan sign and ratify the Treaty immediately. We wish to cooperate with all the nuclear victims in the world so that a world free from nuclear weapons will be realized. We strongly hope the parties have a productive discussion.
